tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-78284907812709909172024-03-08T02:04:02.845-08:00Three-Stage Model of Classroom Measurement~Rebekah~http://www.blogger.com/profile/09100690237701214744noreply@blogger.comBlogger4125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7828490781270990917.post-73532579112464601092012-03-26T21:41:00.002-07:002012-03-26T21:41:53.825-07:00Final paper<br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Final Paper<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Rebekah Morris<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">March 26, 2012<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ashford University<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">EDU 645<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Assessment
Plan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> The
purpose of creating this assessment plan is to ensure the learning of numbers,
one through ten, by kindergarten students. Within this plan there will be the
learning objectives, the assessments, and a rubric to assess the students’
learning. The learning objective is what is being focused on, in the teaching,
the activities prior, and the assessment. The assessment is created to test the
learning objective, in a variety of ways. Finally, the rubric is created to objectively
look at the overall student performance on the assessment. Using this
assessment plan will ensure that the students have achieved the knowledge that
has been taught. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning Outcome<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The
students will write numbers one through ten in numerical order.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Assessment Context<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Follow
the steps below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Write numbers one through ten in the
squares. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Cut out all of the squares.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Count the stars in each circle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Glue the number that matches the stars in
the circle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Glue the circles in order on the number
strip.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image047.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1049" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image048.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1047" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image049.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1048" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image050.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1060" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image051.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1059" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image052.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1057" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image053.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1056" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image054.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1055" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image055.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1053" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image056.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1052" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image057.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1051" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image058.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1050" width="62" /><img align="left" height="65" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image059.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1054" width="62" />
</div>
<table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td height="18" width="222"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><img height="65" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image060.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1046" width="62" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<img align="left" height="64" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image061.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1039" width="62" /><img align="left" height="64" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image062.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1036" width="62" /><img align="left" height="180" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image063.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1034" width="178" /><img align="left" height="64" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image064.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1037" width="62" /><span style="position: relative; z-index: 251637760;"><span style="height: 64px; left: -30px; position: absolute; top: -7px; width: 62px;"><img height="64" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image065.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1038" width="62" /></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Holistic Rubric<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Clearly Outstanding<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Above benchmark)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Average<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Benchmark)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Below average<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Below Benchmark)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Knowledge:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Writing numbers 1-10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Comprehension:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Gluing the correct number to the
correct number of stars.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Application:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The students will be able to put the
numbers in numerical order.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="120"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Total points (9)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Testing Constraints<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> This
assessment has very structured statements, directions, and steps to follow.
This will make sure that all students are completing an assessment that can be
compared to other’s assessment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">With any assessment, it is important to
have a set method of how the test will be administered. This will decrease the
possible errors on this assessment, making it a more reliable and accurate
assessment of a student’s knowledge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> The
first step is to ensure the classroom is set up in a way to assess, not to
teach. With that being said, in a kindergarten classroom, there are often
numbers around the room in numerical order. These posters, number strips, nametags,
and anything else which would help the students on this assessment, would need
to be covered. This makes sure the test is a clear assessment of what the
student knows, not what the student can duplicate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> The
second step is to ensure the assessment is given in the same manner as all the
other assessments. In my classes, the students know to always have a privacy
folder up before the test is passed out; they know to have all the materials
out that is on the board; and they know the order in which the assessment is
given. There are steps that are taken every single time we take a test. First,
we make sure we have all the materials. Second, I pass out the assessments and
the students put their names on it right away. Third, we read through the
directions together. Fourth, we answer any and all questions students have on
the assessment. Fifth, we take two deep breaths. Finally, the students begin
the assessment. During the assessment, the students are to not talk, keep their
eyes inside their folder, and are to do their best. When the students finish,
they know to stay in their seats, put their privacy folder on top of their test
and read quietly until everyone is finished. With these steps in place, the
administration errors are minimized. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Effective classroom instruction usually
has a three-stage model of classroom measurement in place for each lesson (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Within
this model there are three essential stages: instructional objectives,
instructional activities, and testing (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Authors
Kubiszyn and Borich state that “any good classroom test begins with your objectives”
(2010). These three steps of the model are all intertwined: the tests are
composed from the objectives; the objectives are created from the standards;
the activities are made to support the learning of the objectives for the test
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The first and most important step to
begin with is the instructional objectives. With these objectives, the teacher
has clear expectations for what the students will learn during the lesson
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The instructional objectives are usually created
from educational goals, state standards, and curriculum (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010). I chose to have the objective for a kindergarten classroom, to be about
number sense, which falls under the Colorado state standards (Colorado Department
of Education, 2011). Using this objective, there are a variety of formative
assessments, activities, and worksheets that can be used to teach and learn the
aspects of numbers (Colorado Department of Education, 2011). Having the student
practice writing numbers one through ten, having the students match numbers to
objects, and having the student order numbers are all pieces of the learning
objective (Colorado Department of Education, 2011). Using these aspects as
smaller pieces of study throughout the unit will prepare the students for their
assessment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The assessment is a multiple level
assessment, both cognitively and compiles on top of itself. The first step is
to write numbers one through ten in the squares. This is working the knowledge
cognition of the student. The student must be able to know the numbers but also
be able to reproduce the numbers. For the students who are only at this
cognitive level, it allows for them to have success (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010). The next step is to cut out the squares which have the numbers on them.
This will do two things for the students. First it will help with the fine
motor skills that the students are still developing. The second thing it will
do, is to mix up the numbers, making them show they truly know what number
connects with the next step. The next step is to count the stars in each
circle. This will work on their counting ability, which is key for the students’
knowledge of number sense. The next step is to glue the number that matches the
stars in the circle. After the student has cut out all of the squares, the
numbers are mixed up on the table. The student then has to know what number is
written on each of the squares in order to match them to the number of stars.
This is a deeper cognitive level of thinking, for the students to not only be
able to write the number but to also understand what their writing stands for
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The last step is to glue the circles in
numerical order on the number strip. This is another cognitive level deeper,
making them be able to sequence the numbers (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010).
Having all of these steps in the assessment allows the complete evaluation of
understanding of numeracy by a given student.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The next step of this assessment process
is to create a rubric for assessing the student’s performance (Kubiszyn &
Borich, 2010). Since this assessment has a variety of aspects, steps, and
cognitive levels, it was important to not grade strictly every single aspect
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). “Holistic scoring is used when the rater is more
interested in estimating the overall quality of the performance and assigning a
numerical value to that quality than assigning points for the addition or
omission of a specific aspect of performance” (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 198). Since this type of
assessment is not an all or nothing type of test, it was important to use a
rubric which would evaluate the overall ability, skills, and cognitive level
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The first aspect to look at and evaluate is the student’s
knowledge cognitive level (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Before the student can
succeed at any higher level of thinking, it is important that the student has
mastered this level (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). For this level, the student
must show that they have the knowledge of numbers and being able to write
numbers (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). It does not take a deeper level of
thinking for a student to be able to do this portion of the assessment; hence
why it is the first part of the holistic rubric (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010).
The next piece of the rubric and assessment will evaluate a student’s
understanding of the numbers. This part takes a deeper cognitive level,
comprehension, in order to be able to connect the circle to the correct number
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The student must prove that they know, not only
how to write the numbers, but what each number truly means. This is the next
portion of the rubric, to assess a deeper understanding of the numbers
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The last portion of the assessment and rubric,
is the deepest level of thinking; which is the application portion (Kubiszyn
& Borich, 2010). The students, who have already shown that they can
comprehend the numbers and what they stand for, are then to use their number
sense to sequence the numbers. This is the highest cognitive level of the
assessment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Since there are higher and lower levels
of assessment, number sense, and cognitive development, it is important to
compare their products to a benchmark level (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). “It
is important for the rater to have a model paper that exemplifies each score
category. After having created or selected these models from the set to be
scored, the rater again reads each paper and then assigns each to one of the
categories” (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 199). Having each of these
different categories compared to just that cognitive level allows for a student
to succeed on their level (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). If a teacher were
simply to evaluate this assessment on whether it was correct or not, it would
not factor in all the components of learning. It is important to look at the
simple pieces as well as the more difficult individually. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Since the assessment and the rubric both
are created to ensure the evaluation of a student’s understanding of the
learning objective, it is equally as important to make sure the assessment
environment is appropriate and conducive to evaluating. Since I wanted to
eliminate any errors of accuracy for this assessment, it was important to
include Testing Constraints. Within this section of the assessment plan, there
are a variety of constraints that will ensure this assessment is the most
reliable, accurate, and valid (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The first step of
the constraints was to make sure the test was valid; “does the test measure
what it is supposed to measure?”
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 329). Since the test is created to test
all the aspects of writing numbers and sequencing them, the learning objectives,
then the assessment is valid (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The next step is to
make sure it is reliable; “does the test yield the same or similar score
rankings consistently?” (Kubiszyn
& Borich, 2010, pg 329). The test can be evaluated within itself, to ensure
it is reliable. Last, is it accurate; “does the test score fairly closely
approximate an individual’s true level of ability, skill, or aptitude?” (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 329).
In order for this to be true, there must a handle on the possible errors of the
assessment, hence the rest of the constraints (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010).
These are created to make sure that the assessment is showing a student’s true
potential, not their ability to copy off the wall or a neighbor (Kubiszyn &
Borich, 2010). The second part of the constraints will have the student’s have
a set test-taking environment to which they are accustomed. Since the test is
valid, reliable, and fairly accurate, it seems like the constraints are making
the assessment the best possible for evaluating the student’s skills. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Throughout this assessment plan, there
are several factors which were created to evaluate a student’s level of
understanding. The learning objective, the first step in creating lessons,
activities, and assessments, states that the students will write numbers one
through ten in numerical order. From here, there was the creation of the
assessment. This assessment tests multiple cognitive levels of understanding,
from knowledge to application (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Using a variety of
skills to assess these levels lets students shine in their own ways. The next
aspect was to create a rubric to evaluate how the students did on the
assessment (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Since the assessment tested a variety
of skills as well as a variety of cognitive levels, it was important to have
each skill and cognitive level a separate point value (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010). The assessments are compared to other assessments from that category
level, for the best scoring. Finally, it was important to create some test
constraints, which will ensure that the test is valuating a student’s true
potential. From the test, to the walls, to the routine, these constraints will
help the test evaluate the student’s understanding of the learning objective.
From the learning objective, to the assessment, to the test constraints, this
assessment plan was created to create the best possible evaluation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-before: always; text-align: center;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">References<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Colorado
Department of Education. (2011, August 11). <i>Unit
of academic standards</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Retrieved February 26, 2012, from CDE: improving academic
achievement: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html">http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Kubiszyn,
T., & Borich, G. (2010). <i>Educational
testing and measurement: classroom <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">application and practice</span></i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> (Ninth Edition ed.). Hoboken, New
Jersey, US: John <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Wiley & Sons, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Naz, B. A.
(2009, July 23). <i>Presentation on
instructional objectives.</i> Retrieved <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">February 26, 2012, from ERIC: <a href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf">http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p>To see a hard copy please see attached. </o:p></span></div>~Rebekah~http://www.blogger.com/profile/09100690237701214744noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7828490781270990917.post-75247775420549822992012-03-05T21:35:00.001-08:002012-03-05T21:35:12.864-08:00Test/ Essay item Rationale<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Rationale
behind the assessments: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Learning Objective 1 states the students
will be able to pronounce the letter name by sight of the letter. This learning
objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and communicating,
standard 2, content 3a, iv; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">Recognize and
name all upper- and lowercase letters of the alphabet </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">(Colorado Department of Education, 2011).
The test I have created for </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">learning
Objective 1is an auditory completion items test (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010).
Since the objective states that the child is able to pronounce the letter name
by sight, this cannot be a strict pencil-and-paper test, but instead is an
auditory test. Using the completion of a sentence, gives a clear question to
answer for the students; they know what is expected from them for this
test (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010). Since the prompt is a direct question, “It provides more structure” and
is “often more desirable than an incomplete statement” (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 151). Additionally,
this is a “good item” according to the text, since there is only one clear
answer, the answer can be nothing other than the answer (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010). Using all of these suggestions, I was able to create a proper completion
test item for the learning objective. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Learning Objective 2 states that the
students will be able to give the phonemes for the letter. This learning
objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and communicating,
standard 2, content 3d, i; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">Demonstrate
basic knowledge of letter-sound correspondences by producing the primary or
most frequent sound for each letter (Colorado Department of Education, 2011).
The test that I created for this learning objective is a multiple-choice test
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Since the objective states that a student will know the
phonemes for each letter, it is important that some of this test is auditory
for the phoneme portion. The students will hear the phoneme said aloud, and are
to pick the choice of the letter that matches the phoneme. The response options
are short, concise, and clear in order to help the students, since they do not
include additional unnecessary information (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Also,
there can only be one and only one correct answer for each phoneme; a phoneme cannot
belong to two different letters (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The multiple
choices, the additional answers, the wrong answers, the “distractors”, are all
plausible; making sure the students are not given the answer, but clearly make
sure they understand the information (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 148). Lastly,
I picked “three to five options (two to four distractors plus one correct
answer) to optimize testing for knowledge rather than encouraging
guessing” (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010, pg 148). With all of these suggestions, I was able to create
multiple-choice items, which will be used to evaluate this objective. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Learning Objective 3 states the students
will be able to write the letter, both uppercase and lowercase, appropriately. This
learning objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and
communicating, standard 3, content 2a, i; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">Print
many upper- and lowercase letters</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">(Colorado Department of Education, 2011)</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">. The test that I created for this learning objective is an
essay item (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The test will require the “student to
organize, integrate, and synthesize knowledge” in a higher level thinking skill
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010, pg 158). In creating this essay item, I wanted to
make sure that the level of thinking I am requiring is at an appropriate level
for the kindergarten students. The students are to be creative in writing an
essay response, however since they are in kindergarten I felt it was important
to provide them some key words. On each of the alphabet cards, there is a picture
and the word fully spelled out except a blank in place of the first letter aka
the letter they are given; since the objective is to see if the students can
write the letter, both upper and lowercase, it is important to give the
students cards which do not have the letter on them. These cards will give them
key words they may use, however, I did not want to restrict their story, that
is why I am only requiring them to use three of these cards in their story
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The benefits for having this an essay item,
allow the students to be creative, use their memory, and eliminate guessing
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The disadvantages for this essay is that since
the students are in kindergarten the story might not look like a story and they
are difficult to score (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The reason I added the
second part of this test, is to try to elevate these disadvantages. The
students are going to read every single word or their story to a teacher who is
dictating it, in order to create this story better (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010). The words that are used from the picture cards will be underlined,
allowing the teacher to clearly see the letters that are being fully evaluated
(Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). Having these provisions in place, allow for the
scoring to be more equal for all students (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). In
addition to these requirements, it is important for a teacher to have a clear
rubric to grade each essay on; including the letters, the story, and the words
from the cards (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). This essay item allows for the
proper assessment of this objective, in a creative way. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Learning Objective 4 says that the
students will be able to use their phonemic awareness to organize objects based
on the starting letter. This learning objective supports the Colorado Standard:
Reading, writing, and communicating, standard 1, content 3c; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">Identify words orally according to shared beginning or ending
sounds </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">(Colorado Department
of Education, 2011). </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">The test that was created
for this learning objective is a matching test. The student must show the use
of phonemic awareness as well as to show how it was used. This learning
objective is based on the application level of Bloom’s Taxonomy (Kubiszyn &
Borich, 2010). The students are to apply their knowledge of phonemic awareness
and organize objects based off their phonemes. With either of the tests, the
strictly matching (one-to-one), or the matching in columns (multiple in each
column), the objective is to assess if a student can use their phoneme skills
from saying a word, and associate it with a letter. These tests follow the
suggestions of creating matching test items (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The lists are homogenous, to
ensure that they are all plausible choices (animals and food items) (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The
sounds are similar to each other, to make sure the students clearly understand
the differences when they are saying it; they are not easy answers (Kubiszyn
& Borich, 2010). Lastly, the directions are clear, and state how many times
each answer may be used (Kubiszyn
& Borich, 2010). This assessment is a great assessment for this learning
objective, since it makes the students use their knowledge in more real-life
situations. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">With all of these assessments, test items, and essay items that
were created for these learning objectives, it is important to understand that
the grades, evaluations, and leveling should not be relied solely on this one
assessment. It is important to have a variety of assessment types for each objective,
to ensure that all the learning, and testing types are covered; allowing all
students to perform the best of their abilities (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The “choice of item format is
sometimes determined by your instructional objectives. At other times the
advantages and disadvantages of the different formats should influence your
choice” (Kubiszyn & Borich,
2010, pg 155).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">References<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Colorado Department of Education. (2011, August 11). <i>Unit of academic standards</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Retrieved February 26, 2012, from CDE:
improving academic achievement: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html">http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Kubiszyn, T., & Borich, G. (2010). <i>Educational testing and measurement: classroom <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">application
and practice</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (Ninth
Edition ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey, US: John <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Wiley & Sons, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Naz, B. A. (2009, July 23). <i>Presentation on instructional objectives.</i> Retrieved <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">February 26, 2012, from ERIC: <a href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf">http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<!--EndFragment-->~Rebekah~http://www.blogger.com/profile/09100690237701214744noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7828490781270990917.post-60537283608504022002012-03-05T21:32:00.000-08:002012-03-05T21:32:53.372-08:00Test/ Essay Items for Learning Objectives<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Kindergarten unit of study is Alphabet
study. Within this unit there will be many learning objectives, each objective
would be used for each letter of the alphabet, since this unit would be a
yearlong unit in kindergarten. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning
Objectives:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The students will be able to pronounce
the letter name by sight of the letter. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The students will be able to give the
phonemes for the letter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The students will be able to write the
letter, both uppercase and lowercase, appropriately.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The students will be able to use their
phonemic awareness to organize objects based on the starting letter. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Tests
for each objective: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The test for this objective will be a
one-on-one auditory test with an adult. The adult will have flash cards, a
sheet of paper with a variety of letters, or an alphabet chart to assess the
child. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<a href="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image012.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img align="left" border="0" height="37" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image012.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1030" width="29" /></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The adult will say, “What is the name of this
letter (point to a letter)? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 1.4in; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-insideh-themecolor: text1; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev-themecolor: text1; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 12.55pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">A<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">H<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">F<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">O<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">M<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">q<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">c<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">w<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">p<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">T<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">y<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 12.55pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 34.95pt;" valign="top" width="35"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">I<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">When this sheet of paper is on the table,
the objective is to see if the child can pronounce the letter name by the sight
of the letter. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 13.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The test is to go through these sheets,
which combined will have all 26 letters both uppercase and lowercase letter, to
evaluate if a child knows the name of the letter by sight. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The test for this objective will be a
multiple-choice test. (The sounds that are underlined will be given by an
adult, and not written on the test itself)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Listen
to this letter sound and fill in the bubble that matches it. <u>/t/</u><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Tt<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Gg<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ff<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pp<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Listen
to this letter sound and fill in the bubble that matches it. <u>/b/</u><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ff<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pp<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Bb<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Dd<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Listen
to this letter sound and fill in the bubble that matches it. <u>/m/</u><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Mm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Nn<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 128.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol;">à<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Oo<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The test for this objective will be a
two-part test. The first part is an essay test.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pick a letter of the alphabet. Using the
alphabet picture cards of the letter, write a story at least three sentences
long using at least three of the cards. Make sure to give your character a name
starting with your letter of the alphabet. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Example: Letter is Jj. Cards are jaguar,
jump, jump rope, jelly, jungle, jam, and jeans. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">There was a jaguar was named Jordan. One
day, Jordan jumped over a jar of jam. He tripped and had jam all over his
jeans. Mom called Jordan over to the jeep to drive him home to clean his jeans.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Teacher notes: Each student will have
their own letter of the alphabet. Have the students underline the words they
use from the cards. They will be graded on spelling their words from the
picture cards correctly, having a story that makes sense, and being able to
write their letter correctly (both capital for the name, and lowercase for the
words from the picture cards). The story must be three sentences long and the
story contains at least three picture cards. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The second part of this test, since these
kids are in kindergarten and their writing skills are still being worked on,
they must come to a teacher and read their story to the teacher. The teacher
should take exact dictation of their story, writing each word under the word
they are reading.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The test for this objective is going to
be a matching test. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Match the picture to the beginning sound
of the picture. Each picture should be used once. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Example:
Aa -----------------<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Beginning
sounds Pictures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Bb <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image002.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img align="left" border="0" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image002.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1032" /></a></div>
<img align="left" border="0" height="29" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image004.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="38" /><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Cc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Dd <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Mm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image014.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img align="left" border="0" height="37" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image014.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1029" width="30" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">5.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pp <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.75in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">6.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Tt <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Another
test item for this objective would be a similar item as above, but in column
form. Having columns of the letters and a wider variety of pictures allows for
a clearer cut view of knowledge of the beginning phonemes paired with a letter.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Cut
out the pictures, say the picture aloud, and glue them under the letter that
has the same beginning sound. Each picture should be used once. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<table align="left" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 6.0pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-insideh-themecolor: text1; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev-themecolor: text1; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: page; mso-table-anchor-vertical: page; mso-table-left: 167.4pt; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: 162.05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 14.45pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Bb<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Cc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Dd<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Mn<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pp<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Tt<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1.0pt; border: solid black; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image016.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img align="left" border="0" height="56" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image016.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1043" width="56" /></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.0pt; border-bottom: solid black; border-left: none; border-right: 1.0pt; border-right: solid black; border-top: none; height: 14.45pt; mso-border-alt: .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.95pt;" valign="top" width="43"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<img align="left" height="48" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image018.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1041" width="56" /><img align="left" height="38" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image020.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1039" width="38" /><img align="left" height="53" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image022.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1038" width="36" /><img align="left" height="38" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image024.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1035" width="34" /><img align="left" height="30" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image026.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1033" width="38" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<img align="left" height="62" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image028.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1042" width="39" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<img align="left" height="40" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image030.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1044" width="39" /><img align="left" height="40" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image032.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1040" width="29" /><img align="left" height="30" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image034.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1034" width="28" /><img align="left" height="38" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image036.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1037" width="29" /><img align="left" height="38" hspace="9" src="file://localhost/Users/Rebekah/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0clip_image038.png" v:shapes="_x0000_s1036" width="30" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Attached to the doc sharing, is a hard copy of my assessments- since the pictures which were part of my assessments will not transfer to the blog. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: 200%;">References<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Colorado Department of Education. (2011, August 11). <i>Unit of academic standards</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Retrieved February 26, 2012, from CDE:
improving academic achievement: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html">http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Kubiszyn, T., & Borich, G. (2010). <i>Educational testing and measurement: classroom <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">application
and practice</span></i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> (Ninth
Edition ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey, US: John <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Wiley & Sons, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Naz, B. A. (2009, July 23). <i>Presentation on instructional objectives.</i> Retrieved <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">February 26, 2012, from ERIC: <a href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf">http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />~Rebekah~http://www.blogger.com/profile/09100690237701214744noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7828490781270990917.post-61666355435598321462012-02-27T21:16:00.000-08:002012-02-27T21:20:46.062-08:00<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning
Objective:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Kindergarten
unit of study is Alphabet study. Within this unit there will be many learning
objectives, each objective would be used for each letter of the alphabet, since
this unit would be a yearlong unit in kindergarten. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning Objectives:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The
students will be able to pronounce the letter name by sight of the letter. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The
students will be able to give the phonemes for the letter.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The
students will be able to write the letter, both uppercase and lowercase,
appropriately.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The
students will be able to use their phonemic awareness to organize objects based
on the starting letter. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning
Objective 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning
objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and communicating,
standard 2, content 3a, iv; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Recognize and name all upper-
and lowercase letters of the alphabet </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Colorado
Department of Education, 2011)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective was created using performance aspect
of creating an objective (Naz, 2009). The student must show the knowledge of
the name of the letter. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective is based on the knowledge level of
Bloom’s Taxonomy (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The students are to name the
letters, requiring the children to remember the letters, but are not requiring
deeper cognitive levels. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning Objective
2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning
objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and communicating,
standard 2, content 3d, i; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Demonstrate basic knowledge of
letter-sound correspondences by producing the primary or most frequent sound
for each letter (Colorado Department of Education, 2011).</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective was created using performance aspect
of creating an objective (Naz, 2009). The student must orally show the
knowledge of the sounds of the given letters. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective is based on the comprehension level
of Bloom’s Taxonomy (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The students are demonstrating
their knowledge of the phonemes by identifying the sounds of each letter. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning
Objective 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning
objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and communicating,
standard 3, content 2a, i; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Print many upper- and lowercase
letters</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Colorado Department of
Education, 2011)</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective was created using the product aspect
of creating an objective (Naz, 2009). The student must show the mechanics of
writing letters. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective is based on the application level of
Bloom’s Taxonomy (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The students are to apply their
knowledge of fine-motor skill mechanics, in producing letters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Learning Objective
4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning
objective supports the Colorado Standard: Reading, writing, and communicating,
standard 1, content 3c; </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Identify words orally according
to shared beginning or ending sounds </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Colorado
Department of Education, 2011).</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective was created using both performance
and the product aspects of creating an objective (Naz, 2009). The student must
show the use of phonemic awareness as well as to show how it was used. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">This learning objective is based on the application level of
Bloom’s Taxonomy (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2010). The students are to apply their
knowledge of phonemic awareness and organize objects based off their phonemes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">References<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Colorado
Department of Education. (2011, August 11). <i>Unit
of academic standards</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Retrieved February 26, 2012, from CDE: improving academic achievement:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html">http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/UAS/CoAcademicStandards.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Kubiszyn,
T., & Borich, G. (2010). <i>Educational
testing and measurement: classroom <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">application and practice</span></i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> (Ninth Edition ed.). Hoboken, New
Jersey, US: John <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Wiley & Sons, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Naz, B. A.
(2009, July 23). <i>Presentation on
instructional objectives.</i> Retrieved <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">February 26, 2012, from ERIC: <a href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf">http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED505999.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>~Rebekah~http://www.blogger.com/profile/09100690237701214744noreply@blogger.com0